Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Contract Law - turn up ExampleThe industrial revolution was characterized by the rise of mevery businesses and enterprises to offer employment opportunities and consequently further peoples living standards. With such an active population, it was expected that some people could make use of opposites resources and time by carrying out fraud business practices. This led to the formation of righteousnesss that sought to govern both the workers and the employers and protect them from any uncouth business practices that either could carry on the other. The legal philosophy not only served the employees and employers but withal observed that the business practices carried out by antithetic business entities were legal . There atomic number 18 other scholars that claim that learn equity came to rise as a sub-branch of civil law. History of trim law with relation to civil law is rather precise. This is from the fact that contract law is widespread from the fact that dissimilar co ntracts have different rules depending with the type of business activities to be carried out by the parties. This and then does not crave a peculiar(prenominal) set law to govern it and makes it rather flexible and diverse. This is related to civil law in that civil law has core principles summed up and put into a referable structure and rules ar made depending on the most appropriate transcription. This inspired present day contract law and frankincense the various developments witnessed .The Lex mercatoria is also said to have been a powerful force in the formation of contract law. The Lex mercatoria acted as a system through which merchants.... This is from the fact that contract law is widespread from the fact that different contracts have different rules depending with the type of business activities to be carried out by the parties. This thus does not bear a particular set law to govern it and makes it rather flexible and diverse. This is related to civil law in that ci vil law has core principles summed up and put into a referable structure and rules are made depending on the most appropriate system. This inspired present day contract law and thus the various developments witnessed3. The Lex mercatoria is also said to have been a powerful force in the formation of contract law. The Lex mercatoria acted as a system through which merchants and other business people used in atomic number 63 in the medieval era to ensure that there was the upholding of healthy business practices4. As it evolved, it gained principles that leaned more towards the putting green law setting. This is when a set of business people and law makers convened and sought to create a system that would support merchants of all types regardless of the types of business they carried out unlike the common law that had a particular set system. This led to the formation and rise of contract law. Shifting focus to Classical Law, it is important to get word that it is one of the oldest forms of law in existence. Classical law has its roots in Rome and thus has the synonym Roman law. The form of law receives credit as one of the oldest law systems from the fact that it comprises laws that were written in Stone tablets. Roman law has ensured that these laws are observed by the subjects it governs and amendments are rarely done on it. Classical law can relate to contract law in that the

Literature Review on effective listening in the work place Research Paper

Literature Review on trenchant listening in the work place - inquiry Paper ExampleOn the other hand, effective listening help a person to get wind the whole things properly and he may not have any doubts over the things which he has listened. An effective listener will clarify his doubt at the time of listening in order to obviate future confusions. This musical composition analyses three articles on effective listening to understand the importance of effective listening at the workplace to avoid conflicts.The first article reviewed in this paper is the article Listening effectively published by the Raj Soin College of Business, Wright State University. This article explains Why Effective Listening Matters, What Effective Listening Is, How the near Skilled Communicators Respond When Listening, Typical Objections to These Effective Listening Techniques, etc.The second article reviewed in this paper is the article 10 Roadblocks to Effective Workplace Listening, on December 18, 2008 by David Wolf, PhD. Advice, Warning, Logical argument, Praise, Reassurance, Philosophizing, Psychoanalyzing, Diverting, Criticizing and Name handicraft are the ten characteristics required for effective workplace listening according to this article.The third article reviewed in this paper is Better Listening for a Better Workplace written by Julie Sturgeon. This article gives us some tips for improving our listening skills through some real life examples. Research has found that by listening effectively, you will get more information from the people you manage, you will increase others trust in you, you will reduce conflict, you will better understand how to motivate others, and you will inspire a higher(prenominal) level of commitment in the people you manage (Listening Effectively, n. d). An effective listener always command admire from others. People always keep a strong relationship and build trust with others who listen their problems, worries or opinions carefully. An e ffective listener always persuades the orator to

Public Law assignment Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public Law assigning - Scholarship Essay Example%PIECE YOU HAVE EVALUATEDMarkTITLEGordon brownnesss Commons statement on reform of the constitution.AUTHORGordon BrownREFERENCE (citation)Carroll, a, Constitutional and Administrative Law (4b ed),London Pearson, Longman.2007APPLICATION OF THE COCOA clay sculptureCoverage The speech addresses the issue of the powers exercised by the strand attend and the Executive in the name of the monarchy without the masses and their elected representatives being consulted. Objectivity The piece represents one point of view that Prime minister and decision maker retain more powers and constituent(a) change is needed.Currency The speech was made in 2007 after the Prime Minister Gordon Brown took office in 27 June 2007. Organization The speech took place in the provide of Commons. informantship The Author is the Prime Minister and leader of the Labour Party. POSITION OF THE AUTHORThe position of the Author as a Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party explains why he claims for current British constitutional settlement that entrusts more power to Parliament and the British people. CLAIMS made by the write and EVIDENCE provided (adjust numbering and space for this section as needed according to your chosen piece)Claim 1The executive retain more power over the parliament EvidenceThe government has the power to take the dissipation of Parliament and the power to restrict Parliamentary oversight of the intelligence servicesComment These powers exercised by the executive are great tell apart on its over-mighty authority. Gordon Brown proposed that the House of Commons would have to clear a resolution for any dissolution of Parliament requested by the Prime Minister. Claim 2 The executive controls over the judiciary... 2. a brief summary of how the COCOA model works in coition to the piece (COVERAGE, OBJECTIVITY, CURRENCY, ORGANISATION and AUTHORSHIP) - see InfoSkills section 3 for more information on the COCOA mod el. (15 marks)This proletariat contributes 5 per cent of your overall assessment for Legal Technique and Reasoning and there is therefore no individual pass-mark for this element (the overall passmark for LTR is 40 per cent).Coverage The speech addresses the issue of the powers exercised by the Prime Minister and the Executive in the name of the monarchy without the people and their elected representatives being consulted.The position of the Author as a Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party explains why he claims for new British constitutional settlement that entrusts more power to Parliament and the British people.These powers exercised by the executive are great evidence on its over-mighty authority. Gordon Brown proposed that the House of Commons would have to approve a resolution for any dissolution of Parliament requested by the Prime Minister.Comment Regarding this Gordon Brown proposed to start the debate and consult on empowering citizens and communities. Moreover t o reinforce the neutrality of the civil service, the core principles governing it should be legislated by Parliament.Thats why Brown assures that The Church of England is, and should remain, the established church in England.

In your OWN words, prepare a Microsoft Word report to provide evidence Essay

In your OWN words, prepare a Microsoft Word sketch to provide evidence of advanced k flatledge of a concept taught in one of week - see ExampleBut what is the definition of electronic traffic? One definition of electronic commerce states that it is the custom of computer networks in business, with the aim of increasing profitability and increasing market share and brand meet (Watson et al. 2008). Another definition of electronic commerce states that it is any form of business transaction done in the internet (Department of Trade and Economic Development Government of South Australia n.d.). There may be a lot of varying definitions, but most of these definitions boil down to one common theme the using up of the internet in conducting business transactions, as opposed to physical contact in doing business. One of the master(prenominal) reasons why electronic commerce has already been one of the most popular choices for many businesses is because of the fact that electronic comm erce has been able to improve organizational efficiency and other logistical problems in conducting business. ... on logistical expenses, especially on marketing their respective products, due to the fact that maintaining a website and investing on lookup engine optimization run to reach out on prospective customers online is more cost-effective, as compared to physically distributing marketing tools to customers or hiring advertising firms to advertise on tri-media. In this case, lessening such costs bequeath surely increase the profitability of any business. In addition, by using electronic commerce, clients can now have much more convenience in giving feedbacks to the goods and services that they receive, especially through online surveys that online businesses genuinely uses. This mechanism will surely help businesses in evaluating their own performances and giving much better services to clients. In terms of gaining a larger market share, the best thing about electronic co mmerce is that it has the ability to reach out to millions of customers worldwide in just a matter of seconds. This would be almost impossible for other businesses who are not engaged in electronic commerce. In addition, it is important to stimulate note that consumers nowadays are more comfortable in looking for goods and services through the internet, presumption its speed, reliability, and the convenience that it offers to consumers. Also, because electronic commerce relies much on the internet, it would be able to cease services to clients at a much faster pace than usual. Take note that consumers nowadays can now do their shopping in the comfort of their own homes, and that companies can now provide the specific needs of customers in just a matter of clicks, without bothering them to go physically into the merchandising stores of companies. This will surely make businesses deliver their goods and services

What is Foreign Direct Investment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

What is extraneous Direct Investment - marge Paper ExampleFDI or Foreign Direct Investment is defined as the scenario where A gild from one country obtains a controlling interest in a (new or existing) firm in an some other country, and then operates that firm as a part of the multinational business of the investing firm. FDI may be financed through parent company transfer of funds to the new affiliate, borrowing from home-country lenders, borrowing in the host country by the parent company, or any combination of these strategies. (FDI Definition, n.d.)Foreign direct investiture is alike a measure of ownership of private enterprise, its stocks, and resources, and used as a growing scratch in economic globalization. These investments add up to the GDP (gross domestic product) of industrialized and industrializing economies.There are quite a a few different modes of entry to foreign markets, but almost all of them can be categorized under the following four- exporting, licensing , franchising and direct investment. Each of these entry modes has their own set of advantages and disadvantages, and the appropriateness of for each one of them depends on the market dynamics of the guest country as well as the factors specifics to each company.Foreign Direct Investment allows the investing firm to varied a degree of control over its abroad business activities. FDI, additionally, offers higher profitability options to the investing company. Control is one of the most important characteristics of FDI, and hence FDI is broadly adopted as a preferred mode of entry when control and coordination are critical to the advantage of international drive of the company. Foreign direct investment is also preferred when the host market prefers buy products that are topical anaestheticly manufactured. Many governments also actively promote FDI as FDI directly adds value to the local economy and generates employment. Additionally, many retail, as well as institutional custom ers, feel that local manufacturing presence results in better after sales service and decreases the overall cost of ownership.However, FDI has its own set of disadvantages too. FDI, by definition, involves a higher commitment level for the company, and the company is exposed to a range of risks including political, geographical and economic risks. FDI is also subject to probable depreciation of the value of its investment in case of an adverse fluctuation of counterchange rates. Despite the fact that FDI is generally encouraged by the government, thither are cases where government policies act as a roadblock for FDIs. In many countries, government policies forbid foreign countries from owning majority control of a local company in selective or all industries. In some other countries, there are various levels of restrictions in the repatriation of profits. Companies opting for foreign direct investment as the entry mode to other economies or markets also have to face additional chal lenges in terms of allocating additional bandwidth, adapting to local political, intelligent and business environments. (Marchick D.M. and Slaughter M.J., June 2008)

Practicum documentation and evidence of accomplishment manual Essay

Practicum documentation and evidence of accomplishment manual - test Example15 3.Implementation of the Action Plan 17 a.Implementation of action plan and personal learning 17 b.Feedback Report from the Mentor 18 4.Evaluate Overall Project 19 a.Copy of evaluation tool and brief explanation 19 b.Summary of evaluation tool results took place one week after implementation 21 c.Comparing HCAHPS heaps before and after implementation. ... In line with this, this was crucial in identifying the reasons why health care facilities sought to meliorate HCAHPS scores. From this general perspective, it was crucial to identify the need to improve HCAHPS scores in Ben Taub General Hospital (BTGH), which is the instalment that I was carrying go forth my practicum. In effect, this is a documentation of the whole process that focuses on explaining the process complicated and the steps involved in achieving these crucial objectives. 1. Raising HCAHPS Scores a. Raising HCAHPS Scores-Annotated bibli ography This activity involved researching from peer-reviewed diarys on the need to improve the HCAHPS scores in any organization. Appendix 1 represents the final annotated bibliography for this practicum activity. It is important to steer out that the bibliography is presented in APA style with each peer reviewed journal name providing a summary of the articles methods and the approach used to determine the usefulness of the journal to the project practicum. It is crucial to point out that the practicum project had to be organized in an approach that ensured the achievement of the overall goals of the project. However, the achievement of this goal would not have been possible without engaging in a process of research that enhanced the success of the project. The journal articles were important in enhancing the success of the project since they underlined the importance of the project, which was to improve the HCAHPS scores in a healthcare facility. The journals highlight the pro cess of raising the HCAHPS scores in a healthcare facility. Some of the journals start by providing of an explanation about the concept of HCAHPS. In this case, they underline the areas that are

Interest Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Interest Groups - Essay ExampleAn scram-to doe with group can be defined as a group of individuals who have the same accusive or are working together to achieve a certain ideal. Interest groups play an historic role in policy making and in pushing for the action of various bodies in disposed(p) matters. These include economic matters among others. They are also important in expressing the opinion of the people and the government also relies on them to ensure that they know the complaints of the people and address their concerns appropriately. As Ragone (director of graduate programs, University of Northern Iowa) puts it, all the members of an kindle group are treated fairly and no opinion is better than the other. They are given a fair forum where everyone can pool his or her ides and then use them to change the nation or submit them to the relevant authorities.According to Hays, The main difference between economic and non-economic kindle groups is that the economic interest groups aim at getting financial support for their members while the non-economic interest groups are not evoke in getting benefits for their members. Labor organizations are examples of economic interest groups. In labor groups, people who have the same interest come together and present their economic grievances as a group so that they can be addressed unlike when they could do it individually. Examples of non-economic interest groups in California include humanity interest groups which are formed to address the problems faced by the people without trying to solicit financial benefits from the government or any other body.

Analyzing the Advertisement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyzing the Advertisement - Research Paper ExampleSometime, there is also a difference seen in the advertizement of same return on internet, bracingspaper, magazine and television. People have different attitude towards advertizing while watching television, reading newspaper or magazine and while surfing internet. Following is the locomote order of major media through which publicizing reach its viewers, newspapers, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, business publications, startdoor advertising, and lastly spring up publications. To catch the attention of the viewer there are different strategies which are used.Therefore, advertisers uses different techniques of colors, texts, images, languages and layout, if put unitedly efficiently can easily catch the readers attention. It results in influencing the opinion of the viewer, thus persuading them for buying that particular product rather than any other in that particular category. I have chosen this picture advert ising from Diesels recent advertisement endure famous as Global Warming Ready. This ad campaign received a lot of media attention for the fact that they used unique idea for advertising their new clothing range. It used the word Global Warming while trivializing the matter to sell clothe. Personally orbiculate warming is noticeably an imminent crisis, which world is threatened of. So I think sometimes by taking a revitalizing shout and usually start being ironic about the totally thing can result in catching the attention of the audiences - a moronic way of laugh at ourselves.... So I think sometimes by taking a revitalizing step and usually start being ironic about the whole thing can result in catching the attention of the audiences - a moronic way of laughing at ourselves is also used in stand up comedies. There is actually no harm in using this idea still advertisers use obvious hidden essences and sometime undertones, so that viewer is stopping to read and find out that message. And so it worked wonders in this ad campaign as well. The creative strategy is really effective because the advertisers are using a combination of two three strategies like it looks generic (showing global warming message for the whole range), pre-emptive (in words as well as in pictures) along with the unique selling proposition (people can feel the difference in the campaign when comparing with other brand) keeping the brand righteousness balanced. Strong resonance is found in the advertisement which is appealing the central theme of the receivers life by using the word Global Warming ReadyThe advertisement is using complex theme which the background is taking over while the advertisement is stuff with all the connotations which include, status, power, sex and luxury. The language used in the advertisement is figurative. For, the target audience being young women and men, this advertisement iswell designed and juxtaposed to attract the right audience.This advertisement is using colors using earthy color tints like skin which is actually revealing the soup up up of global warming. Contrasting is done by using greys and blues in the background which is evoking the required disarray in the environment and highlighting the rise in the water level in New York in the background. It is showing that

Discuss the banking regulatory and market framework in UK, address Assignment

Discuss the banking regulatory and merchandise framework in UK, address thestrengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats - Assignment suitIn 2009, collections for insurance premiums alone totalled nearly ?200 billion. The UK market for equities garnered 17% share of the global market in 2009, ranking sole(prenominal) behind New York. Likewise, the fund management industry ranks among the worlds largest, managing some ?4.1 trillion for the year 2009. All in all, the financial serve sector turned in the largest volume of corporate taxes for 2010, which comprised 11.2% of total tax receipts for the entire year. Contribution of output & employment to the UK scrimping from each financial services sector Financial Services Sub-Sectors Output (% of GDP) Employment curseing 5% 435,000 restitution 2% 300,000 Fund Management 1% 50,000 Others including securities derivatives, commodities, and bullion 3% 208,000 Total 10% 993,000 Source U.K. Parliament, 2011 comment of financial stab leness The Bank of England is the statutorily designated entity to ensure the financial stability of the financial system of the UK, as pronounced in the Banking Act 2009. The specific definition of financial stability is difficult to delineate, be spend a penny its context evolves oer time. According to Adrian Coles, Director General of the Building Societies Association, articulated a definition for the proximate term, monetary stability in terms of a measurable objective, that is, the maintenance of a target inflation at 2%. In contrast, he highlights the elusiveness of the definition of financial stability How do we measure financial stability? How do we measure the success of the PRA? Is it one collapsed institution a year is okay but five, the Governor of the Bank has to write a letter to the Chancellor of the Exchequer? (Coles, in UK Parliament, 2011). This is one of the problems that must be set about if an agency is to be created and charged with the monitoring and mainten ance of financial stability in the UK financial services industry. A consensus must be arrived at concerning its meaning, the extent to which it shall be achieved, the powers needed to ensure it, whether opposite policy objectives may be traded off for it, and in the case of the latter, how such trade-offs may be carried out. The most apt(predicate) measures are to institute tighter measures to ensure increased capital ratios and improved quality of capital however, these may only mitigate the dire effects of a crisis, not prevent them. In the past, however, the economic shocks used to come up elsewhere in the system, such as in trade or business operations, and sometimes as a repercussion of unforeseen events, and then trickle down to the financial system. The recent crisis, however, emanated from a cause principally within the system, as a direct consequence of the actions of financial institutions, and then transmitted by the financial network by contagion (UK Parliament, 20 11). In a market based economy, uncompetitive and inefficiently managed corporations should be allowed to fail such is the position of the UK financial authorities. In a stable financial system, though, other institutions should not be hard hit by contagion, or the adverse effects should be limited. The companies apprenticed to fail should fail in such a way that it is the shareholders and creditors of the company that bear the risk of failure, not the public. If necessary, an institution can be allowed to fail in a way that does not disrupt the financial system as a whole (Treasury Committee, in UK Parliament, 2011). A major concern that must be addressed in the containment of contagion risks is the

The Ethics of Citibank Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Ethics of Citibank - Research Paper moralAs a means of understanding the respectable ramifications of the impart and the contributing factors that ultimately led up to it, the analysis will first delve into something of a historical analysis of the collapse so that the gravest genius decisions that Citibank made leading up to and just prior to the collapse can be understood deep down a broader appreciation for the means by which successive ethical oversights and dependency behavior created the perfect something of a perfect storm that has affected untold millions around the world and cost untold trillions in dismissal to the global economy. Moreover, it is the hope of this author that such an analysis will help the reader to not entirely come to an appreciation for ethical factors and the impacts that they can have but to create a sense of extremity within the mind of the reader to integrate with ethical decision making at each and both step of the business process. As such, the forthcoming analysis will break down the financial collapse and subsequent ethical oversights into two main sectors those dealing with the ethical oversights that existed prior to the crash and contributed to the global financial meltdown (evidenced within Citibank), and those ethical oversights that took place after the crash and fundamentally concerned appropriation and expenditure of stimulus funding.Taking the more recent situation first, it can be historied that in inordinateness of 220 billion USD was allocated to Citibank by the Federal government as a result of TARP. The initial reason for this apportioning was of course the fact that the Federal government and key decision makers within the Federal Reserve felt up that without TARP stimulus it would be highly possible that the poor investment structure of Citibank could lead to its collapse. due(p) to the fact that Citibank and others were labeled as too big to fail, it was determined that it was vitally nec essary to give this massive amount of money from the taxpayers into the coffers of some of the largest financial institutions in the world. Not surprisingly, Citibank and others were none to alarmed with such a rapid increase in the overall level of money that they could leverage to meet their liabilities. Unfortunately, quite a than leveraging this money and immediately doing a thorough audit of their firm to ensure that key standards were being met and no such situation as had been witnessed the following year could ever occur again, the key ethical oversight of merely continuing to conduct business as usual was witnessed. Certainly, it can be noted that Citibank and others met minimum federal requirements however, a proactive stance in seeking to maximize their shareholders utility and minimize any potential and lingering levels of ethical oversights was not engaged. Moreover, it can also be noted that one of the first major managerial decisions that was made after the financ ial collapse and subsequent federal disbursal of bailout funds was with relation to liberal bonuses for many of the top leadership positions within Citibank. This serves as perhaps the virtually visible ethical oversight that this brief analysis will analyze. The news media soon picked up on this revelation and broadcast the names and actual bonus levels that many of these upper

The Watergate Scandal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Watergate Scandal - seek Paper ExamplePresident Richard Nixon took further steps by forming the White House Plumbers to help financial backing such intentions as hidden as possible. Members of the organization were high-ranking government officials. Some were even members of the primal Intelligence Agency (CIA) and had specific knowledge and abilities that enabled them to carry out their part in the burglary. This scheme was virtuously wrong for it was a deceitful attempt to re-elect the president. Nixon, by being involved in this scandal, violated his oath. The chaste integrity of the CREEP members was already suspect based on their political behavior before the Watergate.Washington, D.C. jurisprudence had taken into custody five men headed by James W. McCord Jr. on the 17th of June 1972. The five, captured with electronic surveillance equipment, had tried to install listening devices in the pop headquarters to find out Democratic campaign preparations (Friedman & Levantro sser 98). The men were discovered to be affiliated to the Republic Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP). Papers unploughed by these men also involved White House advisor E. Howard Hunt and CREEP jockstrap G. Gordon Liddy. President Nixon openly disproved any allegation that he was involved in this very bizarre calamity (Barden 19). The Washington court charged the seven men with eavesdropping, burglary, and conspiracy. Judge John Sirica, the one who presided over the case, believes that early(a) high-ranking government officials were informed of the break-in and the efforts to keep it hidden. Nixon revealed in April 1973 that there had been an effort to conceal the facts, (Barden 19) and held his force out responsible. He denied any knowledge of the scheme.Meanwhile, while in prison, McCord revealed that he and the others had been forced by high-ranking republican Party officers to keep their

Health Care Spending in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Care Spending in the US - Essay ExampleIn 2012, the judicature designate $3 trillion to wellness dispense. This was an change magnitude from 2011 spend of $2.8 trillion. Researchers have make use ofd this to project a 4% produce rate in the national spending on health in the posterior years. The rate of reaping of national health spending in 2011 was 3.9% as compared to 3.7% growth in 2010. As a percentage of the nations gross domestic product, health care spending indicated a fairly stable 17.9 index between 2009 and 2011 (Peden, 2012). Looking at the nations spending on health care in 2011 by service, hospital care took $850.6 gazillion which was a 4.3% growth rate, and this was a falloff from 4.9% rate in 2010. The slow growth was attributed to both the drop in price and use of hospital service experienced that year. Allocation to doctor and clinical service in 2011 amounted to $541.4 one thousand thousand which was a 4.3% growth as compared to the 3.1% 2010 gr owth. This change may have emanated from the increase in the use of services in 2011 despite the slowed growth in prices experienced the same year. Private health insurance and Medicare spent more in 2011 than in the previous year. Other professional services stock $73.2 billion in 2011 that was a 4.9% growth rate over the expenditure for the same the preceding year. The national government in 2011 assigned $108.4 billion to dental services indicating a 3.0% growth over the previous years 2.7% growth. The spending for other health, residential and personal care services in 2011 came to $133.1 billion reaching a 4.0% growth as compared to 4.5% growth in 2010. Nursing care facilities and continuing care retirement communities stood at $149.3 billion in 2011 indicating a 4.4% growth over the previous years 3.2% growth (Jonas et. al., 2013). Homecare health care spending was $74.3 billion in 2011 indicating a 4.5% growth lower than 2010s 5.8% growth. This slow growth was as a result of a fall in Medicare and Medicaid spending that year. The national government allocated $263.0 billion to prescription drug drugs in 2011which translated to a 2.9% growth over the previous years 0.4% growth. This increase was due to an increase in the price of prescription drugs and additional spending on the new brand of drugs (Barr, 2011). Medical equipment received $38.9 billion which was a 5.3% growth in 2011 relative to 5.8% growth in 2010. Non-durable medical products were assigned $47.0 billion in 2011 which maintained the 2010 4.0% growth rate. Major sources of finance for heal care spending have been consistent. In 2011, Medicaid gave $407.7 recording a 2.5% growth relative to 5.9% growth in 2010. Medicaid registered 3.2% enrollment in 2011 which was a drop from 2010s 4.9% enrollment (Jonas et. al., 2013). There was a decrease in federal Medicaid to 7.1% in 2011 while the ground Medicaid expenditures increased to 22.2% owing to the lapse of the aid accorded states by the fe deral government that year. The OOP (Out-of-pocket) spending was $307.7 billion in 2011 indicating a 2.8% increase from 2010s 2.1% growth. Medicare accounted for 21% of the nations total spending on health in 2011. That year, it contributed $554.3 billion an outstanding growth to 6.2% as compared to 4.3% growth in 2010. This increase in growth was as a result of the fast growth in expenditure on nursing facilities and physician services and an accompanying

Accounting & finance Financial Ratio Anlysis Essay

Accounting & finance pecuniary Ratio Anlysis - Essay ExampleProlong Limiteds gross profit margin decreased from 42.4% in 2009 to 37.5% in 2010. This can be due to the considerable increase in the cost of goods sell from $680,000 in 2009 to $750,000 in 2010. Prolong Limiteds net profit margin was 19.8 % in 2009 and decreased to 13.9 % in 2010. This was due to the increase in the operating expenses of the company. This rise in costs can be due to the rise in the inflation rate in the economy. Prolong Limited should take measures to harbour their costs of producing the goods.60% of the current pluss are tied up in stock due to which the liquid position of the company is non very good. Prolong Ltd does not have ample cash to quit its creditors and due to this amount owed to the creditors have increase. Prolong Ltd should emend upon its liquidity position so that it can hark back its debt on time.The overall liquidity of the company in 2010 has improved because of the bank loan taken by Prolong Ltd. But still, the creditors of Prolong Ltd are accumulating and it would be difficult for Prolong Ltd to repay its debt if the company does not generate ample cash through sales. Moreover, most of the cash of Prolong Ltd is tied up in non-current assets. Prolong Ltd can generate cash by selling off some of their non-current assets which will improve their liquidity position.Asset turnover indicates the sales that are generated from $1 investments in assets. Prolongs Ltd asset turnover remained relatively stable in 2009 and 2010. Although the sales increased marginally by $20,000, the total assets increased by $99,000. The investment in the assets was not translated into the corresponding increase in sales revenue.Days lineage ratio of Prolong Ltd indicate that it took 79 age on average to sell the goods in muniment in 2009 and 93 days in 2010. The days inventory has increased in 2010 and this high days inventory figure is not very beneficial for the company.Day s debtor ratio indicates

Deploying a WiFi Hook-Ups in Disaster Relief - what Are the Essay

Deploying a WiFi Hook-Ups in Disaster Relief - what Are the Considerations - Essay ExampleIn fact, there are legion(predicate) examples related to high-end Mobile Phones that require no wires or device for establishing a connection between two devices or computers. Additionally, in the past few years, Wi-Fi has appeared to be a very useful technology that is used widespread either at home or in an note environment or in any casualty situation. In this scenario, the usage of Wi-Fi networks completely depends upon the needs of users. Moreover, it offers numerous benefits over wired networks for instance there is no aspect of Roaming (access to get connected even uttermost away from home), with come on requiring any modify in Wire from one place to another and also offers conferencing facilities (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005 WellOiledPC, 2011 Eogogics, 2011). At the present, Wi-Fi technology is commonly used in commercial enterprise organizations for performing busin ess operations. In fact, one the strong features of Wi-Fi technology is the access from any place (inside network premises). In this scenario, it comforts a staff member to lay claim a notebook or laptop from a place of work to the discussion room desolate of network connectivity. In addition, the access towards the resources of the network needs no hunting around for a computer. As we know that now Wi-Fi hotspots can be visualized in important places like that disaster situations, hotels, airports, deep brown restaurants and shops. Moreover, a number of cities are installing community Wi-Fi networks to facilitate general public to complete their business related tasks when they are outside of the office. These services facilitate them to access wherever but within the urban center limits (Gallup, 2011). In addition, the Wi-Fi technology is currently believed to be a pervasive public service. For example the Mayor of capital of the United Kingdom announced that they will probab ly deploy Wi-Fi communication infrastructure, near the Olympic Games. Additionally, they have completed the think for this deployment and telecommunication firms are bidding in order to get tenders for Wi-Fi infrastructure. In this scenario, the deployment of Wi-Fi infrastructure will facilitate more than 120 London underground stations in June 2012. In this way over half of travelers believed that Wi-Fi technology may improve their living standards (Publicservice.co.uk Ltd, 2011 Robbins, 2011). Natural disasters are rising internationally because of the climate change and global warming. In addition, the destructions as a result of these disasters are ever-increasing at an alarming rate. In great deal of the fact that these disasters are mainly unpredictable and take place within a very abruptly interval of time thus technology has to be designed and deployed to catch related signals with the smallest amount of monitor interruption. In this scenario, Wireless technology is one of the advanced technologies that can rapidly meet quick variations of data and transmit the sensed data to a data analysis center in areas where wires are out of place. In fact, the wireless technology has the potential to quickly capture, process, and transmit significant data in an instant(prenominal) mode with high resolution. Wireless technology offers a significant advantage of deploying signals in a disaster situation with an uncovered least maintenance. As a result, it fulfills a vital need for any fast monitoring, particularly

Media Audiences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Media Audiences - Essay ExampleThe intention of this study is engineering as unrivalled of the aspects in the twenty first century that has not only win overd the ideas, notion and perceptions of the human beings but similarly the way people live their lives. It has become one of the most significant and considerable facets of human lives. Moreover, the technological changes and the advancement in technologies in the last few years have proved to be some(prenominal) more in comparison to the previous hundred years. Furthermore, the exponential boost in the advancement and designing is technology is in a continuously growing process. Therefore, no one can neglect the right that the humans atomic number 18 now living and belonging to the society that has exquisitely become reliant on science and technology. In fact, according to one of the authors Technology is one part of the complex of relationships that people division with each other and the terra firma around them it sim ply cannot be understood out(a)side of that concept. receivable to such an immeasurable development and progression of technology, it has gained and dominates over all pieces of human lives, weather it is business, health care, education, entertainment, locomotion or personal relationships. Whilst looking at the world of business and commerce, one can figure it out that ecommerce has altered and transformed the business community and how one thinks about while doing business. From small business enterprises to colossus multinational corporations, every businessperson is making the most of the technology in the todays fast-paced world of online market. ... Therefore, mass media has become a powerful and prominent figure for the entire populace of the world (Haour, 2004). Audiences come under immense feats on a short-term, median-term and long-term basis by the technology and media due to its influential powers. The short-term effects of technology and media not only expose the pe ople with the sensation and providing knowledge about an entity, but also modify and revise the obsolete and outmoded or away information, and increase their recall abilities about a meticulous announcement or advertisement. When the attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and opinions about social norms changes or alters within a person, that individual comes under the intermediate or median-term effect of technology and media. However, the long-term effect of technology and media relates and integrates all the impact of short-term and median-term in conjunction with focused streamlining the alleged norms and preservation of behavioral change (Napoli, 2011). The ideas about the audience dependency on technology have come under a range of studies and researches in the precious decades. The consequences of media exposure provides with the fact that the effect of media and technology on audience are diverse and wide-ranging. In addition, it has also been an understanding that audiences also leave an impact on the media with the intensity and incidence of their usage. Media and technology have come under advancements with a prime objective to promote social change in developing and under-developed nations. Therefore, with respect to this objective research studies have identified and concluded that knowledge cleft and media exposure over time are the factors that affects and shapes the

Drama and Theater Essay Example for Free

Drama and Theater EssayWhat is drama? What are the similarities and differences between Greek Drama, metempsychosis Drama, Kabuki Drama, and coeval Drama? Drama is tension. In the context of a play in a theatre, tension oftentimes means that the audience is expecting something to happen between the char pieceers on lay out. anyow for they shoot separately former(a)? Will they finally confess their undying love for one another? Drama derived from the Greek verb dran, meaning to act or to do, refers to actions or deeds as they are performed in a theatrical set for the benefit of a body of spectators. Drama is often combined with music and dance the drama in opera is sung throughout musicals include spoken dialogue and songs and some forms of drama have uninterrupted musical accompaniment (Banham, 1998). Drama was the crowning glory of the Athenian get along. This period has been called by different terms. It has been called the Age of Pericles because Pericles was the r uling power in Athens at the time. It has been also called the Athenian Age because Athens became the whitened literary center of Greece, and it has been called the Golden Age because the drama flourished during this period.There were three broad tragic writers Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes, the sterling(prenominal) writer of comedy the world has ever produced ( Serrano Lapid, 1987, p. 26) Drama and Theater The theatre of ancient Greece, or ancient Greek drama, is a theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece between c. 550 and c. 220 BCE. It is true that there is oftentimes in human nature that loves striking presentation, for man loves to imitate other persons. Gestures by a storyteller or an orator may be considered dramatic, but these are only disjointed actions there is a wide step between this and dramatic actions.The Greeks gave the drama as a literary form to the world. The drama of antiquity is genuinely different from the drama as we now know it. It had dignity, nobility, and power. It had little of the spontaneity and lucky naturalness of modern plays. The Greek drama was cut up into situations or episodes, and between these episodes were choral recitations of great length. These choral recitations, though they had beauty and power, slowed the action and interrupted the forward movement of the story. The choruses however, were visually attractive.The participants, competed with each other in the splendor of their dresses and the excellence of their singing and dancing (Serrano and Lapid, 1987, p. 26-27). Some example of the Greek drama were the novel of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra , by Aeschylus and The story of Oedipus The King by Sophocles (p. 28). Primary in a true appreciation of Renaissance drama is the meter. The theatre of their day was a poetical one. Rather than being confused by the poetry we find in these plays, we need to understand why the poetical theatre was, and is, superior in mental synthesis and more powerful in emotion than a realistic one.Their stage was conventionalor poetical while todays stage is realistic. As an example, in Shakespeares Timon of Athens Timon is disgusted with mankind, hating all of the supposedly decent people he knows. When confronted by thieves he tells them to go about their work merrily everyone steals, and he offers examples of thieving Ill example you with thievery The suns a thief, and with his great attraction Robs the vast sea the moons an arrant thief, And her pale fire she snatches from the sun The seas a thief, whose liquid surge resolvesThe moon into salt tears the earths a thief, That feeds and breeds by a composture stoln From genral excrement each thingss a thief. (Timon of Athens 4. 3. 438-45). Kabuki, like other traditional forms of drama in Japan as thoroughly as in other cultures around the world, was (and sometimes still is) performed in full-day programs. Rather than attending a single play for 25 hours, as one might do in a modern Western-style area, one would escape from the day-to-day world, devoting a full day to entertainment in the theater district.Though some plays, particularly the historical jidaimono, might go on for an entire day, most plays were shorter and would be arranged, in full or in part, alongside other plays in order to produce a full-day program. This was because it was required in kabuki play to get the audience showing different preference that is in either the history plays or domestic plays like a drama, to enjoy during the full-day program. Contemporary Drama was never very popular after World War I, drama in a realist style continued to obtain the commercial theatre, especially in the United States.Even there, however, psychological realism seemed to be the goal, and nonrealistic scenic and dramatic devices were employed to achieve this end. The plays of Arthur Miller and Tennessee Williams, for instance, use memory scenes, dream sequences, purely symbolic characters, pr ojections, and the like. Even ONeills after works-ostensibly realistic plays such as Long Days Journey into Night (produced 1956)-incorporate poetic dialogue and a carefully orchestrated background of sounds to soften the hard-edged realism. Scenery was almost always suggestive rather than realistic.European drama was not much influenced by psychological realism but was more concerned with plays of ideas, as evidenced in the works of the Italian dramatist Luigi Pirandello, the French dramatists Jean Anouilh and Jean Giraudoux, and the Belgian dramatist Michel de Ghelderode. In England in the 1950s John Osbornes Look Back in Anger (1956) became a rally point for the postwar angry young men a Vietnam trilogy of the early 1970s, by the American playwright David Rabe, expressed the anger and frustration of some(prenominal) towards the war in Vietnam.Under he influence of Brecht, many postwar German playwrights wrote documentary dramas that, based on historical incidents, explored the m oral obligations of individuals to themselves and to society. An example is The Deputy (1963), by Rolf Hochhuth, which deals with Pope Pius XIIs silence during World War II. The contemporary drama does not purport to be palmy it insists on a greater understanding of all things pertinent to modern humanity and its relationships to religion, societal order, psychological science in order to appreciate its message however, it critically acknowledges that most of us remain ignorant to all the former.Thus, the drama instructs, irritates, challenges, and begs for intelligence in order to gain from its message. It remains didactic, combined with pleasure, but always lack to challenge the current notions of authority. References http//www. clt. astate. edu/wnarey/modern_contemporary_drama. htm Banham, Martin, (1998 ed. ). The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521434378. Serrano, Josephine and Lapid, Milagros, (1987). English Communication Arts and Ski lls Through World Literature. Phoenix publishing House, Inc.

Business Plan Bar & Grill Essay Example for Free

Business externalise ostracize Grill EssayThis is a caper plan. It does non imply an poke outing of securities.1.0 Executive drumhead1graph Highlights21.1 Objectives21.2 Mission21.3 Keys to Success22.0 c on the wholeer-up Summary32.1 confederacy proprietorship32.2 Start-up Summary4 evade Start-up43.0 overlordducts and Services54.0 Market digest Summary64.1 Market Segmentation6 gameboard Market abstract7 map Market depth psychology (Pie)74.2 Target Market Segment Strategy74.3 Service Business Analysis84.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns95.0 Web Plan Summary95.1 Website merchandising Strategy95.2 Development Requirements96.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary96.1 SWOT Analysis106.1.1 Strengths106.1.2 Weaknesses106.1.3 Opportunities106.1.4 Threats106.2 Competitive Edge106.3 Marketing Strategy116.4 gross gross revenue Strategy116.4.1 gross revenue Forecast12 dodge gross revenue Forecast12Chart gross sales calendar monthly13Chart Sales by class136.5 Milestones14Table M ilestones147.0 Management Summary147.1 violence Plan14Table Personnel158.0 fiscal Plan158.1 Start-up Funding16Table Start-up Funding168.2 Important Assumptions178.3 Break-even Analysis17Table Break-even Analysis17Chart Break-even Analysis178.4 Projected put on and Loss18Table dough and Loss18Chart Profit monthly19Chart Profit familyly19Chart tax revenue Margin monthly20Chart Gross Margin Yearly208.5 Projected hard cash pay heed21Table gold Flow21Chart silver228.6 Projected quietus pall23Table chemical equilibrium Sheet238.7 Business Ratios25Table Ratios25Table Sales Forecast1Table Personnel1Table Profit and Loss2Table Cash Flow3Table Balance Sheet51.0 Executive SummaryCompevery NameContact Name maneuver Phone XXX-XXX-XXXXAddress AddressCity, State ZIPEmail Email AddressIntroductionThe long-term goal of Company Name is to set quality food, incur outstanding client service and run and maintain a speak to in effect(p) base without sacrificing quality. Company Nameserv es high quality food and beverages in an inviting and br another(prenominal)ly atmosphere at reasonable prices. Company Name is expanding its motion picture by dint of effective marketing as well as introducing the ara to market segments that put one across non yet discovered the Company.LocationCompany Nameis headquartered in Dwight, due north Dakota which is set in Dickey County. The Company Name exit be located on the site of the original Company Name, which was construct in 1961. This location is a landmark that sets on Highway 1 and 11 along the crowd River. The Company Name is nested nicely near the South Dakota border amongst Ellendale and Oakes, ND.The CompanyCompany Nameis a steakho delectation concept which pull up s upshots offer a comfortable, friendly atmosphere. The Companys be atomic figure 18r is Name, who constituted the restaurant as a Limited Liability Corporation. Name has 15 years of industry experience as a omittender and 8 years of experience as a cook. Company Name forget be present 5 days per week. luck dinner Tuesday-Wednesday from 500 pm to 1000 pm on thorium Saturday dinner served from 500 pm to 1100 pm. Furthermore, the restaurant go out be open one (1) sunshine a month on trial basis. Lunch will be served from 1100 am to 200 pm. The restaurant will in like manner be set-up as an all you dirty dog eat buffet ardor restaurant.Our ServicesCompany Names menu will feature cleaning lady broiled steaks, chicken, shrimp, burgers and a variety of field goalball hoop foods along with occasional weekend specials of prime rib and broiled ribs. Beverages will include various beers, cocktails and non-alcoholic beverages.The MarketCompany Name will focus on local residents and anyone passing by who postulates to fuck a good meal in a comfortable, friendly, down home atmosphere. Company Names market segmentation scheme is fairly straightforward and focuses on the target market, Dickey County, North Dakota residents. These customers prefer certain services and quality of food and its the Companys business to deliver on their expectations.Financial ConsiderationsThe current financial plan for Company Name is to obtain grant backup in the amount of $350,000. The grant will be utilize to get acquisition of the property, contents and rights to the business.Chart Highlightspic1.1 ObjectivesCompany Namehas three main objectives To serve quality food. To have outstanding customer service. To run and maintain a cost efficient base without sacrificing quality.1.2 MissionCompany Names mission is to serve high quality food and beverages in an inviting and friendly atmosphere at reasonable prices.1.3 Keys to SuccessCompany Names keys to success argon location, quality service and delicious food.2.0 Company SummaryCompany Nameis headquartered in Dwight, North DakotaContact NameDirect Phone XXX-XXX-XXXXAddress AddressCity, State ZIPEmail Email AddressThe Company Name is located in Dwight, North Dakota, which is one mile west of the city Ludden in Dickey County. The Company is a start-up restaurant, owned by Name, who has 15 years of industry experience as a bartender and 8 years of experience as a cook. Additionally, Name has 10 years of experience as an Administrative Assistant. Company Nameis a steakhouse concept which will offer a comfortable, friendly atmosphere. The menu will feature char broiled steaks, chicken, shrimp, burgers and a variety of basket foods along with occasional weekend specials of prime rib and barbecued ribs. Beverages will include various beers, cocktails and non-alcoholic beverages.The Company Name will be located on the site of the original Company Name, which was built in 1961. This location is a landmark that sets on Highway 1 and 11 along the James River. The Company Name is nested nicely near the South Dakota border between Ellendale and Oakes, ND. Company Namewill be open 5 days per week. Serving dinner Tuesday-Wednesday from 500 pm to 1000 pm on T hursday Saturday dinner served from 500 pm to 1100 pm. Furthermore, the restaurant will be open one (1) Sunday a month on trial basis. Lunch will be served from 1100 am to 200 pm. The restaurant will in any case be set-up as an all you can eat buffet style restaurant. Company Namewill be closed on New Years Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The lounge will be open Tuesday Saturday from 500 pm to 100 am. The rest of business structure has not been identified as of date. There will be an attorney and accountant determined at a later date.2.1 Company OwnershipCompany Nameis a Limited Liability Corporation. The owner of the start-up restaurant is Name, who has deoxycytidine monophosphate% ownership of the business.2.2 Start-up SummaryThe following table and chart shows the start-up cost for Company Name, LLCTable Start-upStart-up Requirements Start-up Expenses Software ( represent/ scrutinize Control) $ five hundred Liquor/Food License (State/County) $1,800 In spections $1,000 Supplies $2,500 Utilities Deposit $1,500 levelheaded Accounting fees $5,000 Propane Tank 1st Fill $3,000 tally Start-up Expenses $15,300 Start-up Assets Cash call for $0 Start-up Inventory $26,000 other(a) circulating(prenominal) Assets $30,950 long-run Assets $329,800 total Assets $386,750 essence Requirements $402,050 Chart Start-uppic3.0 Products and ServicesCompany Nameis a comfortable, inviting restaurant knowing to profit its customers feel at home. The dining side has a sizzling 48 gas powered grill and char boiler which will make all steaks to perfection.Company Name MenuThe following meals come with the customers choice of potato, baked, hash brown or fries. Meals also include a trip to the full salad bar any steaks are hand cut daily and charbroiled to perfection.SteaksChoice Sirloin 10 oz $13.75 House Sirloin 8 oz $12.50 fiddling Sirloin 6 oz $9.75 Beef Tips-grilled or hand dipped in batter-deep fried $12.50 Rib eye 12 oz. $16.25 Rib eye 10 oz $14.75 Steak and Shrimp6 oz sirloin steak with three deep fried shrimp $15.50Seafood rowboat dipped in batter and deep fried $15.75 4 Jumbo shrimp served with tater do or red sauce. $13.50 Cod (Torsk) $11.50 Chicken pc dinner. $11.50 pc dinner $13.50BasketsAll baskets served with fries or onion rings. Burgers are lb handmade served on toasted bun.Hamburger basket $7.50 Cheese burger basket.. $7.75 Burger basket served w/cheese, lettuce, onion, tomato $8.50 Chicken Strip (4 pc) basket $8.75 Chicken Drummies (6) basket $8.75 B filled Tip basket $9.25 Appetizer PlatterChicken drummies, Onion rings, Cheese sticks, Mushrooms, Mini Egg Rolls. Served with facing pagesDressing. $15.25BeveragesCoffee $1.00 Tea $1.00 Soda. $1.50 Milk $1.504.0 Market Analysis SummaryThe U.S. restaurant industry, which consist of fast food, casual dining and upscale chains, is facing its toughest stretch in three decades. This is due to declining thickening traffic, decli ning average check, and a decline in sales. To survive, restaurant operators will need to balance incentives and discounts with added value and smear enhancement.Steak restaurants comprise less than 5% of the total restaurant market. Service oriented steak houses have room to grow. fondness and potatoes are still what Americans want, and they want it with good service.Company Namewill focus on local residents and anyone passing by who wants to enjoy a good meal in a comfortable, friendly, down home atmosphere. Company Name intends to cater to a panoptic group of people. The Company wantseveryone to feel welcome and relaxed in a friendly atmosphere with a colossal menu selection. It is its goal to have the to the highest degree tender, tastiest steaks in the area.Company Namehas the services necessary to flourish within this industry. By delivering superior customer service, offering affordable prices and developing an outstanding reputation, Company Names potential is excellent .4.1 Market SegmentationIndividuals pass out to spend good money on meals or beverages want a variety of items to recognise from. Additionally, these individuals want to dine at an establishment with consistent business hours. Company Namewill be more than willing to offer that to all customers who walk into the business. The Company wants to create an environment that is fun, friendly and comfortable with prices that are very competitive. Customers are the first priority.Company Names market segmentation scheme is fairly straightforward and focuses on the target market, Dickey County, North Dakota residents. These customers prefer certain services and quality of food and its Companys duty to deliver on their expectations.The entropy contained in the market analysis table, displays Company Names main markets. All of Company Names clients will benefit from its delicious food, atmosphere and exceptional customer service.Table Market AnalysisMarket Analysis Year 1 Year 2 Yea r 3 Sales Food $259,480 $275,049 $291,552 dine Beverage $14,400 $15,264 $16,180 measurement Beverage $30,928 $32,784 $34,751 Total Sales $304,808 $323,096 $342,482 Direct be of Sales Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Food $90,800 $96,248 $102,023 eat Beverage $1,440 $1,526 $1,618 Bar Beverage $9,588 $10,163 $10,773 Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $101,828 $107,938 $114,414 Chart Sales monthlypicChart Sales by Yearpic6.5 MilestonesIn order to achieve the growth and marketing goals that have been muster in in this business plan, Company Namehas deadlines to beseeming and ideas toimplement. just about of these are outlined below1. Obtain grant funding in the amount of $350,000 to improve business 2. Acquisition of the property, contents and rights to the businessTable MilestonesMilestones Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Owner/Manager $33,600 $34,272 $34,957 topic construct $16,800 $17,136 $17,479 Asst. Cook $7,776 $7,932 $8,090 Head Waiter $12,180 $12,424 $12,672 Waiter s $13,080 $13,342 $13,608 Bartenders $8,352 $8,519 $8,689 Dishwashers $6,264 $6,389 $6,517 Total People 14 14 14 Total payroll department $98,052 $100,013 $102,013 8.0 Financial PlanThe current financial plan for Company Nameis to obtain grant funding in the amount of $350,000. The grant will be used to get acquisition of the property, contents and rights to the business.The following sections of this plan will serve to call Company Names financial plan in more detail everyday Assumptions Break-even Analysis Profit and Loss Cash Flow Balance8.1 Start-up FundingCompany Names start-up costs are detailed in the Start-up Table. The following table shows how these start-up costs will be funded.Table Start-up FundingStart-up Funding Start-up Expenses to Fund $15,300 Start-up Assets to Fund $386,750 Total Funding Required $402,050 Assets Non-cash Assets from Start-up $386,750 Cash Requirements from Start-up $0 Additional Cash Raised $0 Cash Balance on starting tim e Date $0 Total Assets$386,750 Liabilities and jacket crown Liabilities on-going espousal $0 Long-term Liabilities $0 Accounts due (Outstanding criterions) $0 otherwise flowing Liabilities (interest-free) $0 Total Liabilities $0 Capital Planned Investment Owner $10,000 Outside Financing $350,000 Additional Investment Requirement $42,050 Total Planned Investment $402,050 Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($15,300) Total Capital $386,750 Total Capital and Liabilities $386,750 Total Funding$402,050 8.2 Important AssumptionsThe table below presents the assumptions used in the financial calculations of this business plan.The average percent variable cost is estimated to be 33%. The estimated periodical fixed cost is $13,705.8.3 Break-even AnalysisFor the break-even analysis, the monthly revenue needed to break-even is $20,581. The break-even analysis has been calculated on the consume rate of the Company. Company Namefeels that this gives the investor a more accurate picture of the actual risk of the venture.Table Break-even AnalysisBreak-even Analysis monthly Revenue Break-even $20,581 Assumptions Average Percent Variable Cost 33% Estimated monthly Fixed Cost $13,705 Chart Break-even Analysispic8.4 Projected Profit and LossCompany Names Pro Forma Profit and Loss put inment was constructed from a conservative point-of-view, and is based in large part on past performance.The income for Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3 are $304,808, $323,096 and $342,482, respectively. The net profit for the same period is $26,961, $36,035 and $42,838, respectively. The percentages of the net profit sales for this period were 8.85%, 11.15% and 12.51%, respectively.Once the Company receives grant funding to add the new assets, the depreciation of the building will be over a 20 year period, while the equipment will be depreciated over a 7 year period.Table Profit and LossPro Forma Profit and Loss Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales $304,808 $323,096 $342,482 Direct Cost of Sales $101,828 $107,938 $114,414 Other cost of Sales $0 $0 $0 Total Cost of Sales $101,828 $107,938 $114,414 Gross Margin $202,980 $215,159 $228,068 Gross Margin % 66.59% 66.59% 66.59% Expenses Payroll $98,052 $100,013 $102,013 Marketing/Promotion $6,250 $6,438 $6,631 wear and tear $12,045 $13,143 $13,143 Supplies $600 $618 $637 Utilities $8,400 $8,652 $8,912 Insurance $5,004 $5,004 $5,004 Maintenance $1,200 $1,236 $1,273 Office Expense $1,800 $1,854 $1,910 Payroll appraisees $9,805 $10,001 $10,201 Phone/TV/Internet $1,800 $1,854 $1,910 Propane $12,000 $12,360 $12,731 Property Tax $2,508 $2,508 $2,508 Acct Legal $5,000 $0 $0 Total operating(a) Expenses $164,464 $163,681 $166,871 Profit in the lead Interest and Taxes $38,516 $51,478 $61,197 EBITDA $50,561 $64,621 $74,340 InterestExpense $0 $0 $0 Taxes Incurred $11,555 $15,443 $18,359 clams Profit $26,961 $36,035 $42,838 Net Profit/Sales 8.85% 11.15% 12.51% Chart Profit monthlypicChart Profit YearlypicChart Gross Margin monthlypicChart Gross Margin Yearlypic8.5 Projected Cash FlowCompany Name is a start-up Company that has applied for a grant of $350,000. The Company forecasts that it will receive funding in the month of October. During this period, the Company will get acquisition of the property, contents and rights to the business.The following table displays Company Names cash flow, and the chart illustrates monthly cash flow in the first year. calendar monthly cash flowprojections are also included in the appendix.Table Cash FlowPro Forma Cash Flow Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Cash accepted Cash from trading operations Cash Sales $304,808 $323,096 $342,482 Subtotal Cash from Operations $304,808 $323,096 $342,482 Additional Cash Received Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0 New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 New Lon g-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 New Investment Received$350,000 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Received $654,808 $323,096 $342,482 Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Expenditures from Operations Cash Spending $98,052 $100,013 $102,013 Bill Payments $136,504 $176,166 $184,277 Subtotal spent on Operations $234,556 $276,179 $286,291 Additional Cash pass Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 Principal quittance of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Dividends $0 $0$0 Subtotal Cash Spent $234,556 $276,179 $286,291 Net Cash Flow $420,252 $46,917 $56,192 Cash Balance $420,252 $467,170 $523,361 Chart Cashpic8.6 Projected Balance SheetCompany Names net worth is $763,711, $799,746 and $842,583, for Year 1, Year 2 and Yea r 3, respectively.Table Balance SheetPro Forma Balance Sheet Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Assets Current Assets Cash $420,252 $467,170 $523,361 Inventory $10,924 $11,342 $12,023 Other Current Assets$30,950 $30,950 $30,950 Total Current Assets $462,126 $509,462 $566,334 Long-term Assets Long-term Assets $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 Accumulated disparagement $12,045 $25,188 $38,331 Total Long-term Assets $317,755 $304,612 $291,469 Total Assets $779,881 $814,074 $857,803 Table Balance Sheet (Continued)Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Current Liabilities Accounts Payable $16,170 $14,328 $15,219 Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Current Liabilities $16,170 $14,328 $15,219 Long-term Liabilities$0 $0 $0 Total Liabilities $16,170 $14,328 $15,219 Paid-in Capital $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 Retained Earnings ($15,300) $11,661 $47,696 Earnings $26,961 $36,035 $42,838 Total Capital $763,711 $799,746 $842,583 Total Liabilities and Capital $779,881 $814,074 $857,803 Net Worth $763,711 $799,746 $842,583 8.7 Business RatiosThe table below presents ratios from the full-service restaurant markets as a reference.Table RatiosRatio Analysis Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry Profile Sales result n.a. 6.00% 6.00% 1.65% Percent of Total Assets Inventory 1.40% 1.39% 1.40% 6.34% Other Current Assets 3.97% 3.80% 3.61% 43.25% Total Current Assets 59.26% 62.58% 66.02% 53.12% Long-term Assets 40.74% 37.42% 33.98% 46.88% Total Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Current Liabilities 2.07% 1.76% 1.77% 25.40% Long-term Liabilities 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 73.91% Total Liabilities 2.07% 1.76% 1.77% 99.31% Net Worth 97.93% 98.24% 98.23% 0.69% Percent of Sales Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Gross Margin 66.59% 66.59% 66.59% 58.06% Selling, General Administrative Expenses 57.75% 55.44% 54.08% 23.02% Advertising Expenses 2.05% 1. 99% 1.94% 1.74% Profit Before Interest and Taxes 12.64% 15.93% 17.87% 6.52% Main Ratios Current 28.58 35.56 37.21 1.25 Quick 27.90 34.77 36.42 1.00 Total Debt to Total Assets 2.07% 1.76% 1.77% 99.31% Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 5.04% 6.44% 7.26% 4325.19% Pre-tax Return on Assets 4.94% 6.32% 7.13% 29.65% Table Ratios (Continued)Additional Ratios Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Net Profit Margin 8.85% 11.15% 12.51% n.a Return on right 3.53% 4.51% 5.08% n.a Activity Ratios Inventory Turnover 10.09 9.70 9.79 n.a Accounts Payable Turnover 9.44 12.17 12.17 n.a Payment Days27 32 29 n.a Total Asset Turnover 0.39 0.40 0.40 n.a Debt Ratios Debt to Net Worth 0.02 0.02 0.02 n.a Current Lab. to Liab. 1.00 1.00 1.00 n.a Liquidity Ratios Net Working Capital $445,956 $495,134 $551,114 n.a Interest Coverage 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a Additional Ratios Assets to Sales 2.56 2.52 2.50 n.a Current Debt/Total Assets 2% 2% 2% n.a virulent Test 27.90 34.77 36.42 n.a Sales/Net Worth 0.40 0.40 0.41 n.a Dividend Payout 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a Table Sales ForecastSales Forecast month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12SalesFood$19,346 $19,733 $20,128 $20,531 $20,942 $21,361 $21,788 $22,224 $22,668 $23,121 $23,583 $24,055 Dining Beverage$1,000 $1,102 $1,124 $1,146 $1,169 $1,192 $1,216 $1,240 $1,265 $1,290 $1,316 $1,340 Bar Beverage$2,306 $2,352 $2,399 $2,447 $2,496 $2,546 $2,597 $2,649 $2,702 $2,756 $2,811 $2,867 Total Sales$22,652 $23,187 $23,651 $24,124 $24,607 $25,099 $25,601 $26,113 $26,635 $27,167 $27,710 $28,262 Direct Cost of Sales Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12Food$5,705 $5,990 $6,290 $6,604 $6,934 $7,281 $7,645 $8,027 $8,428 $8,849 $9,291 $9,756 Dining Beverage$102 $105 $108 $111 $114 $117 $121 $125 $129 $133 $136 $139 Bar Beverage$602 $639 $664 $697 $732 $769 $807 $847 $889 $933 $980 $1,029 Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales$6,409 $6,734 $7,062 $7,412 $7,780 $8,167 $8,573 $8,999 $9,446 $9,915 $10,407 $10,924 Table PersonnelPersonnel Plan Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12Owner/Manager$2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 $2,800 Head Cook$1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 $1,400 Asst. Cook$648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 $648 Head Waiter$1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 $1,015 Waiters$1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 $1,090 Bartenders$696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 $696 Dishwashers$522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 $522 Total People14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Total Payroll$8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 Table Profit and Loss Pro Forma Profit and Loss Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12Sales$22,652 $23,187 $23,651 $24,124 $24,607 $25,099 $25,601 $26,113 $26,635 $27,167 $27,710 $28,262 Direct Cost of Sales$6,409 $6,734 $7,062 $7,412 $7,780 $8,167 $8,573 $8,999 $9,446 $9,915 $10,407 $10,924 Other Costs of Sales$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total Cost of Sales$6,409 $6,734 $7,062 $7,412 $7,780 $8,167 $8,573 $8,999 $9,446 $9,915 $10,407 $10,924 Gross Margin$16,243 $16,453 $16,589 $16,712 $16,827 $16,932 $17,028 $17,114 $17,189 $17,252 $17,303 $17,338 Gross Margin %71.71% 70.96% 70.14% 69.28% 68.38% 67.46% 66.51% 65.54% 64.54% 63.50% 62.44% 61.35% ExpensesPayroll$8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 Marketing/Promotion$750 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Depreciation$0 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 $1,095 Supplies$50 $50 $50 $50 $50 $ 50 $50 $50 $50 $50 $50 $50 Utilities$700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 $700 Insurance$417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 $417 Maintenance$100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 Office Expense$cl $ one hundred fifty $ one hundred fifty $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 Payroll Taxes10% $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 $817 Phone/TV/Internet$150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 $150 Propane$1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 Property Tax$209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 $209 Acct Legal$5,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total Operating Expenses$17,514 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 $13,359 Profit Before Interest and Taxes($1,271)$3,094 $3,230 $3,353 $3,468 $3,573 $3,669 $3,755 $3,830 $3,893 $3,944$3,979 EBITDA($1,271)$4,189 $4,325 $4,448 $4,563 $4,668 $4,76 4 $4,850 $4,925 $4,988 $5,039 $5,074 Interest Expense$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Taxes Incurred($381)$928 $969 $1,006 $1,040 $1,072 $1,101 $1,126 $1,149 $1,168 $1,183 $1,194 Net Profit($890)$2,166 $2,261 $2,347 $2,428 $2,501 $2,568 $2,628 $2,681 $2,725 $2,761 $2,785 Net Profit/Sales-3.93% 9.34% 9.56% 9.73% 9.87% 9.96% 10.03% 10.07% 10.07% 10.03% 9.96% 9.86% Table Cash Flow Pro Forma Cash Flow Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12Cash ReceivedCash from OperationsCash Sales$22,652 $23,187 $23,651 $24,124 $24,607 $25,099 $25,601 $26,113 $26,635 $27,167 $27,710 $28,262 Subtotal Cash from Operations$22,652 $23,187 $23,651 $24,124 $24,607 $25,099 $25,601 $26,113 $26,635 $27,167 $27,710 $28,262 Additional Cash ReceivedSales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received0.00% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 New Current Borrowing$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 New Other Liabilities (interest-free)$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 N ew Long-term Liabilities$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Sales of Other Current Assets$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Sales of Long-term Assets$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 New Investment Received$350,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Received$372,652 $23,187 $23,651 $24,124 $24,607 $25,099 $25,601 $26,113 $26,635 $27,167 $27,710 $28,262 Table Cash Flow (Continued)Expenditures Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12Expenditures from OperationsCash Spending$8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 $8,171 Bill Payments$299 $8,830 $5,065 $6,547 $12,875 $13,296 $13,734 $14,188 $14,661 $15,152 $15,663 $16,194 Subtotal Spent on Operations$8,470 $17,001 $13,236 $14,718 $21,046 $21,467 $21,905 $22,359 $22,832 $23,323 $23,834 $24,365 Additional CashSpentSales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing$0 $0 $0 $ 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Other Liabilities Principal Repayment$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Purchase Other Current Assets$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Purchase Long-term Assets$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Dividends$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Spent$8,470 $17,001 $13,236 $14,718 $21,046 $21,467 $21,905 $22,359 $22,832 $23,323 $23,834 $24,365 Net Cash Flow$364,182 $6,186 $10,415 $9,406 $3,561 $3,632 $3,696 $3,754 $3,803 $3,844 $3,876 $3,897 Cash Balance$364,182 $370,368 $380,783 $390,189 $393,750 $397,382 $401,078 $404,832 $408,635 $412,479 $416,355 $420,252 Table Balance Sheet Pro Forma Balance Sheet Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12AssetsStarting BalancesCurrent AssetsCash$0 $364,182 $370,368 $380,783 $390,189 $393,750 $397,382 $401,078 $404,832 $408,635 $412,479 $416,355 $420,252 Inventory$26,000 $19,5 91 $12,857 $7,062 $7,412 $7,780 $8,167 $8,573 $8,999 $9,446 $9,915 $10,407 $10,924 Other Current Assets$30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 $30,950 Total Current Assets$56,950 $414,723 $414,175 $418,795 $428,551 $432,480 $436,499 $440,601 $444,781 $449,031 $453,344 $457,712 $462,126 Long-term AssetsLong-term Assets$329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 $329,800 Accumulated Depreciation$0 $0 $1,095 $2,190 $3,285 $4,380 $5,475 $6,570 $7,665 $8,760 $9,855 $10,950 $12,045 Total Long-term Assets$329,800 $329,800 $328,705 $327,610 $326,515 $325,420 $324,325 $323,230 $322,135 $321,040 $319,945 $318,850 $317,755 Total Assets$386,750 $744,523 $742,880 $746,405 $755,066 $757,900 $760,824 $763,831 $766,916 $770,071 $773,289 $776,562 $779,881 Table Balance Sheet (Continued)Liabilities and Capital Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 M onth 10 Month 11 Month 12Current LiabilitiesAccounts Payable$0 $8,663 $4,854 $6,118 $12,432 $12,839 $13,262 $13,700 $14,156 $14,631 $15,123 $15,636 $16,170 Current Borrowing$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Other Current Liabilities$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Current Liabilities$0 $8,663 $4,854 $6,118 $12,432 $12,839 $13,262 $13,700 $14,156 $14,631 $15,123 $15,636 $16,170 Long-term Liabilities$0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total Liabilities$0 $8,663 $4,854 $6,118 $12,432 $12,839 $13,262 $13,700 $14,156 $14,631 $15,123 $15,636 $16,170 Paid-in Capital$402,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 $752,050 Retained Earnings($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)($15,300)Earnings$0 ($890)$1,276 $3,537 $5,884 $8,311 $10,812 $13,381 $16,009 $18,690 $21,415 $24,176 $26,961 Total Capital$386,750 $735,860 $738,026 $740,287 $742,634 $745,061 $747,562 $750,131 $752,759 $755,440 $758,165 $760,926 $763,711 Total Liabilities and Capital$386,750 $744,523 $742,880 $746,405 $755,066 $757,900 $760,824 $763,831 $766,916 $770,071 $773,289 $776,562 $779,881 Net Worth$386,750 $735,860 $738,026 $740,287 $742,634 $745,061 $747,562 $750,131 $752,759 $755,440 $758,165 $760,926 $763,711 INFORMATION AND FORMS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITHOUT each EXPRESS OR IMPLIED imprimatur OF ANY KIND INCLUDING 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This scout form allows a business to outline the companys objectives and detail both current company information as well as any past performance. Companies should include a complete market analysis in their plan to help showcase why their business strategy will be effective in the market. Future company plans, including production targets, management strategy, and financial forecasting, should be used to demonstrate and confirm that the companys short-run and long-term objective can and will be met. This model plan can be customized to shell fit the unique needs of any entrepreneur or owner that is seeking to create a strong business plan.Business Plan for Restaurant Bar and GrillThis Busine ss Plan for a Bar and Grill Restaurant allows entrepreneurs or business owners to create a comprehensive and professional business plan. This template form allows a business to outline the company?s objectives and detail both currenpic?

FEMA, CDC and DHS Essay Example for Free

FEMA, CDC and DHS EssayAnother typeface of disaster management through inter histrionics methods include the co-ordination between the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal apprehension com rush Agency (FEMA). These two harbour been working closely with state and local governments and relief organizations to motivate residents and businesses in coastal areas to counter hurricane disasters. The Federal emergency counselling Agency a former autarkic agency that became part of the new Department of Homeland Security in March 2003 is specific bothy tasked with responding to, provision for, recovering from and mitigating against disasters. FEMA prepares the nation for all hazards and manages federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident. FEMA overly initiates mitigation activities, trains first responders, works with state and local emergency managers, and manages the demesneal Flood Insurance course and the U. S. Fire Administration. Th e 1960s and early 1970s brought massive disasters requiring major federal response and recovery operations by the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration, established at heart the Department of Housing and Urban ripening (HUD).There were hurricanes, earthquakes and floods. In 1968, the National Flood Insurance Act offered new flood protection to homeowners, and in 1974 the Disaster Relief Act firmly established the process of chairial disaster declarations. When hazards associated with nuclear spot plants and the transportation of hazardous substances were added to inborn disasters, more than 100 federal agencies were involved in some perspective of disasters, hazards and emergencies.To reduce the complexity of disaster relief work, these agencies asked President Jimmy Carter to centralize federal emergency functions. President Carters 1979 executive order merged many of the separate disaster-related responsibilities into a new Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). FE MA began fuck offment of an Integrated Emergency Management System with an all-hazards approach that included direction, control and sample systems which are common to the full range of emergencies from small isolated events to the ultimate emergency war. The terrorist attacks of Sept.11th rivet the agency on issues of national preparedness and homeland security, and tested the agency in unprecedented ways. The agency coordinated its activities with the newly formed Office of Homeland Security. Today, FEMA is iodin of four major branches of DHS. About 2,500 regular employees in the Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate are supplemented by more than 5,000 stand-by disaster reservists. FEMAs mission remains to lead America to prepare for, prevent, respond to and recover from disasters with a vision of A Nation Prepared. FEMA works in partnership with CDC. Together, they offer the Integrated Emergency Management Course (IEMC) which is a 4? -day exercise-based training activity that places public officials and emergency personnel in a realistic crisis situation within a structured learning environment. The course has been sponsored and conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) since 1982. In 2001, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incorporated a bioterrorism component into the IEMC.In 2005, CDCs arrange Office of Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response allocated funding to the National Center for Environmental health to add environmental public health elements to the course. Six FEMA/CDC IEMCs for Communities are currently being scheduled as part of a fully integrated partnership between CDC and FEMA. The course builds the awareness and skills needed to develop and implement policies, plans, and procedures to protect life and property by applying sound emergency management principles in all phases of emergency management.The course give increase the level of overall preparedness of participants by help ing them visit the roles of environmental public health and other disciplines in an integrated emergency response framework. Additionally, the course will provide chemical, radiological, and natural hazard training modules and interactive exercises for state and local communities. The training program is meant for State, local, and tribal officials from various disciplines public health practitioners hospital staff and other health care providers elected/ decreed officials management personnel and media representatives.Here is an example of how FEMA(branch of DHS) and CDC are working together in disaster Management When many victims of Hurricane Katrina returned to their homes they found themselves without electrical power. For residents purchasing generators to provide heat and electricity, the Department of Homeland Securitys Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) warned of the danger of running the generator inside the house or an at tached garage or carport.Bill Lokey, FEMAs federal coordinating policeman and Jeff Smith, state coordinating officer for the Louisiana disaster recovery effort, advised residents that the improper use of generators, other gas-powered tools and pressure washers can have serious results. The CDC offers the following cautions on the use of gas-powered generators Never use generators, grills, camp stoves or other gasoline, propane, natural gas or charcoal-burning devices inside, or even outside near an open window. If you must use one of these devices, use it only outside and away from open windows.Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas you cant whole tone or see that comes from these items. It can build up inside your home or enclosed situation and poison the people and animals inside. Exposure to CO can cause you to pass out or die. The some common symptoms of exposure are headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion. In addition, residents should make certain that their homes have a light speed monoxide alarm that meets current safety Underwriters Laboratories standards. FEMA and CDC warn that there is also a risk of carbon monoxide inebriation if gas ranges are used to heat homes.